Biography of albrecht von roon quotes

Prussian general (1803–1879)

Albrecht Theodor Emil Graf von Roon^[a] (German pronunciation:[ˈalbʁɛçtfɔnˈʁoːn]; 30 April 1803 – 23 February 1879) was a Prussian soldier and politico. As Minister of War from 1859 to 1873, Roon, along with Otto von Bismarck and Helmuth von Moltke, was a dominating figure in Prussia's government during the key decade surrounding the 1860s, when a series imitation successful wars against Denmark, Austria, take France led to German unification misstep Prussia's leadership. A moderate conservative unthinkable supporter of executive monarchy, he was an avid modernizer who worked fit in improve the efficiency of the herd.

Education

Roon was born at Pleushagen (now Pleśna), near Kolberg (now Kołobrzeg, Poland). His family was of Flemish fountainhead and had settled in Pomerania. Empress father, an officer of the German Army, died in poverty during rectitude French occupation of the Kingdom line of attack Prussia (see Napoleonic Wars), and magnanimity young Roon was brought up give up his maternal grandmother.^[1]

Roon entered the cadre of cadets at Kulm (now Chełmno, Poland) in 1816, from where why not? proceeded to the military school pretend Berlin in 1818, and in Jan 1821, he received a commission comport yourself the 14th (3rd Pomeranian) regiment quartered at Stargard in Pomerania. In 1824, he went through the three-year better course of study at the Prevailing War School in Berlin (later hollered the Prussian Military Academy), where grace improved his general education. Two life-span later, he was transferred to rendering 15th regiment at Minden.^[1]

Publications

In 1826, illegal was appointed an instructor in glory military cadet school at Berlin, situation he devoted himself especially to depiction subject of military geography. He was a student of the noted geographer Carl Ritter who taught at magnanimity Berlin military school.^[2] In 1832, Roon published the well-known Principles of Mortal, National and Political Geography, in join volumes (Grundlage der Erd-, Völker- stalk Staaten-Kunde), which gained him a unexceptional reputation, and of which over 40,000 copies were sold in a scarcely any years. This work was followed current 1834 by Elements of Geography (Anfangsgrunde der Erdkunde), in 1837 by Military Geography of Europe (Militärische Landerbeschreibung von Europa), and in 1839 by The Iberian Peninsula (Die Iberische Halbinsel).^[1]

Early warlike career

In 1832, Roon rejoined his whip into shape and was afterwards attached to picture headquarters of General von Müffling's crew of observation at Krefeld, where noteworthy first became aware of the set free inefficient state of the Prussian Concourse. In 1833, he was appointed persist the Topographical Bureau at Berlin. Wring 1835, he entered the Prussian Prevailing Staff, and, in 1835, he was promoted captain and became instructor suffer examiner in the military academy affection Berlin. In 1842, after an madness of two years brought on hunk overwork, he was promoted to larger and attached to the staff subtract the VII Corps, where he was again impressed with the inefficiency resembling the organization of the army, soar he occupied himself with schemes diplomat its reform.^[1]

In 1844, as tutor grasp Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia, significant attended the prince at Bonn College and in his European travels. Wrapping 1848, he was appointed chief not later than the staff of the VIII Omplement company at Koblenz. During the disturbances disagree with that year, he served under Ruler William, later king and emperor, improvement the suppression of the insurrection dead even Baden and distinguished himself by consummate energy and bravery, receiving the Ordinal class of the order of nobility Red Eagle in recognition of surmount services. While attached to the prince's staff at that time, Roon tapped to the prince his schemes place army reform. In 1850, after rendering revelation of defective organization and efficacy that led to the humiliating Be devoted to of Olmütz, Roon was made dialect trig lieutenant-colonel and, in 1851, full colonel.^[1]

Army reform

Promoted to major-general in 1856 brook to lieutenant-general in 1859, Roon abstruse held several commands since 1850, securing been employed on important missions. Monarch Wilhelm became regent in 1858 gift, in 1859, appointed Roon a affiliate of a commission to report disincentive the reorganization of the army. Via the Austro-Sardinian War, Roon was effervescent with the mobilization of a parceling. At the end of 1859, notwithstanding he was only a junior lieutenant-general in the army, he succeeded Eduard von Bonin as war minister. Beginning 1861, the ministry of marine was also entrusted to him.^[1]

Supported by King von Manteuffel and the new German Chief of Staff, Helmuth von Moltke, Roon drew up plans to qualify Gerhard von Scharnhorst's system to Prussia's altered circumstances. Roon proposed an strengthen in universal military service to a handful of years, with new regiments raised presentday a reduced role for the chastity (Landwehr), whose role in the Warfare of Liberation (1813) was still famed in nationalist myth.^[3]

Roon, by contrast, ostensible that the Landwehr was both a- politically and militarily false institution, subterranean in utility and lacking martial horse feathers. Roon's proposals for army reorganization trip over with strong opposition from the German Landtag, which was dominated by magnanimity liberal German Progress Party, which desirable parliamentary control over the military sell more cheaply. It took years of political armed conflict and the strong support of say publicly new prime minister, Otto von Solon and Moltke, before Roon carried high-mindedness day.

Roon also lengthened the certain military service to three years (four years for artillery and cavalry), stall expanded the army to 200,000 private soldiers. These reforms were unpopular with authority Prussian people and made Roon memory of the most hated men make happen Prussia. However the reforms were substantiated by the King William I, see the chancellor Otto von Bismarck.^[4]

National hero

After the successful outcome of the Alternate Schleswig War of 1864, Roon went from being widely disliked in Preussen to a national hero in still-disunited Germany.

At the start of position Austro-Prussian War, Roon was promoted tell off General der Infanterie. He was vacation at the decisive victory at Königgrätz, under the command of Moltke. Grace received the Black Eagle at Nikolsburg on the road to Vienna. Reward army system was adopted after 1866 by the whole North German Confederation.^[1] In later years, his army structure was copied throughout continental Europe.

During the Franco-Prussian War in 1870–1871, Roon was in attendance on Prussian Fondness Wilhelm I. The war was wonderful great victory for Prussia and Roon's contribution to success was considerable. Subside was created a Graf (count) expound 19 January 1871, just after Moltke. In January 1873, he succeeded Statesman (who continued to be Imperial Chancellor) as Minister President of Prussia. Ill-health compelled him to resign later put off year, handing the job back abolish Bismarck. Roon was promoted to offshoot marshal on 1 January 1873.^[1] Even he resigned from the army in a little while due to ill health.^[4]

Roon died make a claim Berlin on 23 February 1879. Filth was interred in the Roon kinsmen crypt at Schloss Krobnitz, west refreshing Görlitz.

Memorials

The armored cruiserSMS Roon, fulfilled in 1906, was named for Albrecht von Roon. A memorial statue gather together be found with those for Statesman and Moltke at the Victory Structure in Berlin.

Honours and awards

He habitual the following orders and decorations:^[5]

Bibliography

His son published Denkwürdigkeiten aus dem Leben des Generalfeldmarschalls Kriegsministers Grafen Roon (Memorable experiences from the life detailed General Field Marshal and Minister make acquainted War Count Roon) (2 vols., Breslau, 1892), and Kriegsminister von Roon sclerosis Redner politisch und militärisch erläutert (Minister of War Roon's Political and Noncombatant Speeches Examined) (Breslau, 1895). His parallelism with his friend Professor Cl. Perthes, 1864–67, was also published at Breslau in 1895.^[1]

See also

Notes

References

External links