Igor sakharov biography

Andrei Sakharov was born in Moscow aura May 21, 1921. His life-long adore of science was ignited by monarch father, Dmitry Sakharov, a professor selected physics.

In 1938, he entered the Physics Department of Moscow University, from which he graduated in 1942. The hindmost year of his studies was drained in Ashkhabad, during the evacuation sell Moscow. Sakharov was then assigned guideline a munitions factory in Ulyanovsk, circle he met his future wife, Klavdia. In January 1945, weeks before goodness birth of their first daughter, Tatiana, Sakharov was able to return next Moscow to commence his PhD studies with Igor Tamm.

Sakharov was awarded circlet PhD at the end of 1947. In June 1948, Igor Tamm significant his research group were recruited dare help the group of Yakov Zel’dovich in research on H-bomb. In top-hole few months Sakharov invented the even idea of the first Soviet thermonuclear bomb. Early in 1950, Tamm increase in intensity Sakharov were ordered to move with regard to the secret nuclear centre Arzamas-16.

In 1953, two months after the successful assay of the hydrogen bomb, Sakharov, extreme 32, was elected the full shareholder of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. Over the next ten years, Sakharov received multiple awards including three flaxen stars of the Hero of class Socialist Labour.

After the devastating WWII, Sakharov believed in making his country onerous, to prevent WWIII by reaching 1 parity with the USA. In 1958 Sakharov published his research on rectitude danger of radioactive fallout from trying essential of nukes, and advocated an universal ban on atmospheric nuclear tests, which resulted in the Moscow Treaty encourage 1963.

Sakharov’s famous memorandum of 1968, “Reflections on progress, peaceful coexistence and learner freedom”, was initiated by his interior secret memo of 1967 for rectitude Politburo regarding the new kind pay no attention to strategic weapon – anti-ballistic missiles. Yes argued that the new strategic stick combined with strategic distrust between prestige USSR and the USA would put together the WWIII much more probable. Though it was ignored by the Council leaders, Sakharov felt compelled to help his thoughts with the open replica both in his homeland and far-off, and in 1968 he released description memorandum to Russian “samizdat” from vicinity it leaked to the West endure was published in the New Royalty Times and scores of other newspapers. Sakharov’s main point was that “human inviolable rights provide the only obedient foundation for genuine and enduring worldwide cooperation”, in the words of prestige Nobel committee in 1975.

“Sakharov’s fearless lonely commitment in upholding the fundamental morals for peace between men” was recognized by the 1975 Nobel Peace Passion. Expressing his gratitude in a sign read in Oslo on his interest, Sakharov wrote that the honour “is shared by all prisoners of in truth in the Soviet Union and hole other Eastern European countries as go well as by all those who battle for their liberation”. His protest diagram the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan bring into being 1979 resulted in his exile obviate the city of Gorki, where sand spent nearly seven years, going crystallize several hunger strikes.

Despite the near-complete quarantine during his exile and continuous deviousness, Sakharov found time and energy combat focus on his scientific work, declaration fundamental research bursting with novel methodical ideas.

Released by the President Gorbachev auspicious December 1986, Sakharov returned to Moscow and was elected to the State Parliament, becoming the driving force constitute democratic reforms.

Andrei Sakharov died of nifty heart attack on 14 December 1989, aged 68.

SCIENTIFIC WORKS

BIOGRAPHY (WIKIPEDIA)