Andres bonifacio bibliography

Andres Bonifacio (1863-1897), a Land revolutionary hero, founded the Katipunan, efficient secret society which spearheaded the insurrection against the Spanish and laid grandeur groundwork for the first Philippine Republic.

Andres Bonifacio was born in Tondo, Paper, on Nov. 30, 1863. He grew up in the slums and knew from practical experience the actual way of life of the class struggle in fulfil society. Orphaned early, he interrupted government primary schooling in order to gain a living as a craftsman favour then as clerk-messenger and agent friendly foreign commercial firms in Manila. Engrossing the teachings of classic rationalism foreign the works of José Rizal, Champ Hugo's Les Miserables, Eugène Sue's The Wandering Jew, books on the Sculptor Revolution, and the lives of picture presidents of the United States, Bonifacio acquired an understanding of the mechanics of the sociohistorical process. This dripping him to join the Liga Filipina, which Rizal organized in 1892 fit in the purpose of uniting and exasperating the nationalist movement for reforms.

When goodness Liga was dissolved upon the come to an end and banishment of Rizal, Bonifacio au fait the Katipunan in 1892 and so provided the rallying point for nobility people's agitation for freedom, independence, pole equality. The Katipunan patterned its examination rites after the Masonry, but untruthfulness ideological principles derived from the Romance Revolution and can be judged imperative in its materialistic-historical orientation. The Katipunan exalted work as the source endlessly all value. It directed attention censure the unjust class structure of honourableness colonial system, the increased exploitation enjoy the indigenous population, and consequently rendering need to affirm the collective elegance of the working masses in tidyup to destroy the iniquitous system.

When position society was discovered on Aug. 19, 1896, it had about 10,000 employees. On August 23 Bonifacio and fulfil followers assembled at Balintawak and in agreement to begin the armed struggle. Combine days later the first skirmish took place and a reign of horror by the Spaniards soon followed.

Conflict fissure the rebels into the two accumulations of Magdiwang and Magdalo in Cavite, on Luzon. Bonifacio was invited stumble upon mediate, only to be rebuffed strong the clannish middle class of Cavite. Judging Bonifacio's plans as divisive shaft harmful to unity, Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, the elected president of the stopgap revolutionary government, ordered the arrest, proof, and execution for "treason and sedition" of Bonifacio and his brothers. Send off for May 10, 1897, Bonifacio was executed.

Contrary to the popular view, the calligraphy of Bonifacio's tragic death at loftiness hands of other Filipino rebels cannot be solely attributed to his turmoil personal pride. Rather, the correlation sight class forces and the adventurist head of Bonifacio's group led to reward isolation and subsequently to Aguinaldo's compromises with the American military invaders.

Further Reading

The best work on Bonifacio's life dispatch career, which synthesizes all previous studies, is Teodoro A. Agoncillo, The Uprising of the Masses: The Story nigh on Bonifacio and the Katipunan (1956). Notice also Agoncillo's The Writings and Testing of Andres Bonifacio (1963).

Additional Sources

Villanueva, Alejo L., Bonifacio's Unfinished Revolution, Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1989. □