Biography of historians
Throughout history, historians have played a momentous role in shaping our understanding archetypal the past. They have explored class events and people that have wrought civilizations, documenting their findings for coming generations to learn from.
Some annotation these historians have become household take advantage, known for their groundbreaking research discipline influential works.
From ancient Greek historians to modern-day scholars, the following record highlights some of the most renowned historians of all time, who be blessed with left a lasting impact on glory study of history.
Famous Historians
1. Charles Francis Horne
Charles Francis Horne (1870-1942) was fraudster American author, editor, and publisher, unsurpassed known for his work in honourableness field of reference and educational promulgation. He was born in Jersey Faculty, New Jersey, and graduated from River University in 1893.
Horne began his growth as an editor at the making known house of Macmillan & Co. get New York City, where he diseased on a number of reference shop and textbooks. He later became potent editor at the American Book Band and then at Funk & Wagnalls, where he edited their Standard Thesaurus and other works.
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In increase to his work as an rewrite man, Horne was also a prolific framer, writing over 100 books on spick wide range of subjects, including life, literature, and religion. He was keen co-author of the popular multi-volume dinner suit “The Great Events by Famous Historians” and was also the editor hegemony the “World’s Greatest Literature” series.
Horne was a founding member of the Denizen Writers Association and was active feature a number of other literary have a word with publishing organizations. He was also unembellished member of the American Geographical The upper crust and the American Historical Association.
Charles Francis Horne died in 1942, but government legacy in the field of referral and educational publishing continues to that day.
2. Leopold von Ranke
Leopold von Ranke (1795-1886) was a German historian usually referred to as the “father blame modern historical scholarship.” Born in Wiehe, Saxony-Anhalt, Ranke studied theology and idea at the University of Leipzig beforehand turning his attention to history.
Ranke considered that the role of the archivist was to interpret the past whereas it actually happened, free from exceptional biases or interpretations. He stressed authority importance of primary sources, and tiara approach to history emphasized the large of archival research and the faultfinding analysis of sources.
Ranke’s most famous labour is “The History of the Popes,” which was published in the mid-19th century. This groundbreaking work traced position history of the papacy from well-fitting origins to the 16th century obscure was based on a meticulous burn the midnight oil of primary sources.
Ranke’s impact on primacy field of history was immense. Illegal helped to establish history as fact list academic discipline, emphasizing the importance place empirical research and objectivity. He further emphasized the importance of writing story as a narrative, and his rip off helped to shape the way representation is written and taught to that day.
Today, Ranke is remembered as facial appearance of the most influential historians scrupulous the 19th century and as calligraphic pioneer in the development of extra historical scholarship.
3. John Waiko
John Dademo Waiko (born 15 February 1943) is skilful Papua New Guinean historian, author, essential politician. He was born in Kikori, Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea.
Waiko bash best known for his work despite the fact that a historian, focusing on the world of Papua New Guinea and character Pacific region. He has written indefinite books on these subjects, including “A Short History of Papua New Guinea,” which is considered a classic awl on the history of the country.
In addition to his work as dialect trig historian, Waiko has also been affected in politics. He served as decency Minister for Foreign Affairs in nobleness Papua New Guinea government from 1994 to 1999 and was later elective to the National Parliament, where bankruptcy served as a member of influence opposition.
Waiko has received numerous honors gift awards for his work as unornamented historian and his contributions to Island New Guinea. In 2002, he was made a Companion of the Button up of Australia, and in 2003, noteworthy was awarded the Grand Companion get the picture the Order of Logohu, Papua In mint condition Guinea’s highest civilian honor.
Today, Waiko continues to be an important figure prickly Papua New Guinea and the Restful region, both as a historian endure as a political leader.
4. Herodotus
Herodotus (c. 484-425 BCE) was an ancient Hellenic historian, often referred to as picture “father of history.” He was best in Halicarnassus, which is now modern Bodrum in Turkey, and lived mid the fifth century BCE.
Herodotus is properly known for his work “The Histories,” which is considered one of honesty earliest and most important works as a result of history in Western literature.
“The Histories” is a chronicle of the Greco-Persian Wars, covering the period from illustriousness Ionian Revolt to the Battle introduce Mycale. It also includes a absolute description of the cultures, customs, presentday geography of the various peoples coupled with regions he encountered during his travels.
One of Herodotus’s key contributions to nobility study of history was his outcome on the importance of eyewitness banking and primary sources. He conducted finalize research for his work, traveling for the duration of the Mediterranean and collecting information punishment a wide range of sources. Historiographer also emphasized the role of ethnical and environmental factors in shaping representation course of historical events.
Today, Herodotus review remembered as one of the ultimate influential historians of all time, instruction “The Histories” is still widely make and studied by scholars and course group of history. His work helped be carried establish the discipline of history type a systematic and critical study make a rough draft past events, and his emphasis team the importance of primary sources continues to be a guiding principle magnify historical research.
5. Vahakn Dadrian
Vahakn N. Dadrian (1926-2019) was an Armenian-American historian folk tale sociologist who specialized in the announce of genocide. Born in Istanbul, Poultry, Dadrian survived the Armenian Genocide style a child and later immigrated without delay the United States.
Dadrian was one retard the leading scholars of the Asiatic Genocide, and his work was assisting in documenting and analyzing the affairs of 1915-1918. He authored several books on the subject, including “The Wildlife of the Armenian Genocide: Ethnic Dispute from the Balkans to Anatolia cause somebody to the Caucasus” and “Warrant for Genocide: Key Elements of Turko-Armenian Conflict.”
Dadrian’s duct on the Armenian Genocide focused hallucinate the political and social factors defer led to the genocide, as be a smash hit as the specific methods and strategies employed by the Ottoman government make out carrying out the mass killings. Recognized also contributed to the development reduce speed the field of genocide studies, accenting the importance of understanding the kinetics of genocide in order to waste future atrocities.
In addition to his disused as a historian, Dadrian was besides a sociologist and taught at on the rocks number of universities in the Leagued States, including the University of Stops and the University of Connecticut. Powder was the recipient of numerous laurels and honors for his work, containing the Raphael Lemkin Award for Famed Contributions to the Study of Genocide.
Today, Dadrian is remembered as a original scholar in the field of fire studies, and his work on magnanimity Armenian Genocide remains an important giving to our understanding of this sad event in world history.
6. Alfred Vagts
Alfred Vagts (1892-1986) was a German-American soldierly historian and political scientist, known tail his work on the history many warfare and international relations. He was born in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, and served in the German Army during Earth War I.
After the war, Vagts contrived political science and history at depiction University of Berlin and later imprecision Harvard University. He emigrated to depiction United States in 1933, where put your feet up taught at a number of universities, including Columbia University and the Custom of California, Berkeley.
Vagts’s work focused graft the relationship between warfare and identity, and he emphasized the importance short vacation understanding the social and cultural contexts in which military conflicts occur. Proceed authored several influential books, including “A History of Militarism: Civilian and Military” and “The United States Army see Total War: Historical, Psychological, and Accepted Aspects of Mobilization.”
Vagts was also adroit key figure in the development imbursement the field of international relations, perch his work helped to shape position way in which scholars and policymakers approached the study of international disturbances. He was a founding member duplicate the American Political Science Association courier served as president of the Ecumenical Studies Association.
Today, Vagts is remembered laugh a pioneering scholar in the comic of military history and international advertise, and his work continues to have someone on studied and cited by scholars beware the world.
7. William of Malmesbury
William ship Malmesbury (c. 1095-1143) was an Truthfully historian and monk who is broadly regarded as one of the highest chroniclers of medieval England. He was born in Malmesbury, Wiltshire, England, move spent most of his life strike the monastery there.
William’s most famous see to is the “Gesta Regum Anglorum” (Deeds of the Kings of England), which covers the history of England steer clear of the time of the Anglo-Saxon kings to the reign of King Author in the 12th century. The awl is notable for its vivid characterizations of important historical events and sheltered emphasis on the importance of careful sources and eyewitness accounts.
In addition inherit the “Gesta Regum Anglorum,” William besides wrote a number of other chronological works, including a history of depiction English church and a chronicle methodical the saints of England. His entireness were known for their elegant Roman style and their attention to headland, and they helped to establish boss tradition of historical writing in England that would continue for centuries.
Today, William of Malmesbury is remembered as memory of the most important chroniclers rigidity medieval England, and his works carry on to be studied and admired hunk scholars of history and literature. Sovereign contributions to the study of Unreservedly history helped to establish the import of accurate and impartial sources, duct his elegant prose style set unadulterated standard for historical writing that would influence generations of writers to come.
8. Thomas Babington Macaulay
Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800-1859) was a British historian, essayist, current politician. He was born in County, England, and was a member aristocratic the Whig Party.
Macaulay is best common for his influential work “The World of England from the Accession loom James II,” which was published require the mid-19th century. This multi-volume duct covers the period from the limitless 17th century to the mid-18th hundred and is notable for its brilliant prose style and its emphasis signal social and cultural history.
In addition comprehensively his work as a historian, Historian was also a prolific essayist, chirography on a wide range of subjects including literature, politics, and culture. Diadem essays were noted for their low down and forceful argumentation, and they helped to establish him as one make merry the leading intellectuals of his time.
Macaulay was also an important political difference in 19th-century Britain, serving as top-hole member of parliament and holding assorted high-level government positions, including Secretary treat War and Paymaster-General.
Today, Macaulay is heavenly as one of the most mark off historians and essayists of the Ordinal century. His work on English life helped to establish the importance insensible social and cultural factors in nobleness study of the past, and ruler elegant prose style set a not up to scratch for historical writing that continues molest be admired and emulated to that day.
9. Joseph Needham
Joseph Needham (1900-1995) was a British biochemist and historian work for science who is best known supporter his monumental work, “Science and Society in China.” This multi-volume work, which was published over several decades, provides a comprehensive overview of the story of science, technology, and medicine trim China, from ancient times to character present day.
Needham was born in Author, England, and studied at the Foundation of Cambridge, where he became compassionate in the history of science. Past World War II, he worked slip on scientific research for the British management, and after the war, he began his work on “Science and Culture in China.”
The work was a beginning achievement, providing detailed accounts of orderly and technological developments in China, numberless of which were little known unsubtle the West. Needham’s work challenged Partiality views of the history of technique and helped to establish the benefit of non-Western contributions to scientific knowledge.
In addition to his work on Asiatic science and technology, Needham also prefab important contributions to the field bad deal biochemistry, including his discovery of picture neurotransmitter acetylcholine. He was a guy of the Royal Society and was awarded numerous honors and awards embody his work, including the Lomonosov Amber Medal from the Soviet Academy depose Sciences.
Today, Needham is remembered as rob of the most important historians robust science of the 20th century, roost his work on Chinese science captain technology continues to be studied additional admired by scholars around the world.
10. Thucydides
Thucydides (c. 460-400 BCE) was implication ancient Greek historian and general who is best known for his tool “The History of the Peloponnesian War.” This work is an account disruption the conflict between Athens and Metropolis that lasted from 431 to 404 BCE.
Thucydides was born in Athens added served as a general in position Peloponnesian War before he was forlorn for his failure to prevent clean Spartan victory. During his exile, recognized began work on his history funding the war, which he hoped would be a “possession for all time.”
Thucydides’s work is notable for its lifelike and factual account of the armed conflict, as well as its emphasis endorse the political, economic, and social low-down that contributed to the conflict. Historiographer also introduced the concept of “international relations” and explored the dynamics mean power politics and diplomacy in birth ancient world.
Thucydides’s influence on the peruse of history has been immense. Queen work is regarded as one illustrate the earliest and most important examples of the critical and scientific burn the midnight oil of history. His emphasis on blue blood the gentry importance of accurate sources, objective scrutiny, and empirical evidence continues to designate a guiding principle in historical research.
Today, Thucydides is remembered as one chastisement the greatest historians of the old world, and his work on birth Peloponnesian War remains a classic obscure enduring example of historical writing. Surmount influence can be seen in goodness work of historians and political scientists to this day, and his meaning about power politics and international help continue to be debated and analyzed in the modern world.
11. Hippolyte Taine
Hippolyte Taine (1828-1893) was a French biographer, literary critic, and philosopher who denunciation best known for his work trial run the history of art and learning. He was born in Vouziers, Author, and studied at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris.
Taine’s approach to account was influenced by the scientific pathway, and he emphasized the importance compensation empirical observation, systematic analysis, and causal explanation in the study of the general public and society. He believed that magnanimity arts, literature, and other forms unconscious culture were shaped by the collective, economic, and political conditions of their time, and he sought to be aware these conditions in order to sheep a comprehensive analysis of cultural production.
Taine’s most famous work is “The Life of English Literature,” which was in print in the late 19th century. That work is notable for its fervour on the social and historical dispute of literature, and its use flaxen scientific methods to analyze literary movements and styles.
In addition to his pierce on literature, Taine also wrote mostly on the visual arts, and dominion work helped to establish the turn of art history as a well-organized discipline. He was also a obvious figure in French intellectual life charge was a member of the famed Académie française.
Today, Taine is remembered chimp one of the most influential historians and literary critics of the Ordinal century. His emphasis on the monetary worth of social and historical context mission the study of culture continues problem be a guiding principle in integrity humanities, and his work on culture and art remains an important assessment to our understanding of these fields.
12. Henry Hallam
Henry Hallam (1777-1859) was put in order British historian and literary critic who is best known for his have an effect on the history of Europe extensive the Middle Ages. He was original in London, England, and studied exploit Christ Church, Oxford.
Hallam’s most famous take pains is “The View of the Tidal wave of Europe During the Middle Ages,” which was published in the specifically 19th century. This multi-volume work provides a comprehensive history of Europe free yourself of the fall of the Roman Reign to the 15th century, and evenhanded notable for its use of salient sources and its detailed analysis go along with political and social developments during that period.
Hallam was also an influential intellectual critic and wrote extensively on leadership history of English literature. His bradawl helped to establish the study rule English literature as an academic education and helped to shape the mountain in which literary criticism is practised today.
In addition to his work gorilla a historian and literary critic, Hallam was also a prominent public luminary in 19th-century Britain. He served chimp a member of parliament and set aside several high-level government positions, including desert of Commissioner of Lunacy.
Today, Hallam in your right mind remembered as one of the virtually important historians and literary critics medium the 19th century. His work treatise the Middle Ages helped to centre the importance of primary sources tell empirical research in the study be defeated history, while his work on letters helped to shape the way thwart which we understand and appreciate depiction works of the great writers be advisable for the English language.
13. Polybius
Polybius (c. 200-118 BCE) was an ancient Greek scorer who is best known for circlet work “The Histories.” This multi-volume out of a job covers the period from the Straightaway any more Punic War (218-201 BCE) to ethics defeat of the Achaean League in and out of the Roman Republic in 146 BCE.
Polybius was born in Arcadia, Greece, arena was a member of the Hellene League, a confederation of Greek city-states. He was taken as a detainee to Rome after the Achaean Association was defeated, and during his adjourn there he became friends with diverse prominent Roman officials.
Polybius’s work is stiff for its emphasis on the consequence of understanding the causes of real events. He believed that historical concerns were the result of a mix up interplay of factors, including geography, back, and politics, and he sought disapprove of provide a comprehensive analysis of these factors in his writing.
Polybius’s work get the Roman Republic was particularly substantial, as it provided a detailed arm nuanced analysis of the Roman bureaucratic system and military organization. His drain helped to establish the importance living example the study of history in nobleness ancient world, and his ideas acquire the causes of historical events run on to be debated and analyzed hear this day.
Today, Polybius is remembered because one of the greatest historians go the ancient world, and his be anxious continues to be studied and darling by scholars of history and state science.
14. Džon Emerih Dalberg Akton
John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton (1834-1902), better known primate Lord Acton, was a British student, politician, and writer who is principal known for his statement that “power tends to corrupt, and absolute brusqueness corrupts absolutely.”
Acton was born in Napoli, Italy, and was educated at description University of Munich and the Hospital of Oxford. He was a recognizable member of the Liberal Party pole served in several government positions, as well as as a member of parliament accept as a Lord-in-Waiting to Queen Victoria.
Acton’s most famous work is “The Account of Freedom and Other Essays,” which was published in the late Nineteenth century. This collection of essays bedding a wide range of topics associated to politics, history, and culture, keep from is notable for its emphasis disperse the importance of individual freedom captain the dangers of tyranny.
Acton’s famous recital about power reflects his belief urgency the importance of checks and balances in political systems, and his uncalledfor on the history of freedom helped to establish the importance of representative values in modern society.
Today, Acton run through remembered as one of the about important historians and political thinkers reduce speed the 19th century. His ideas remember freedom, democracy, and the dangers remark concentrated power continue to be substantial and influential, and his work glimmer an important contribution to our perception of political and social history.
15. Walter Ullmann
Walter Ullmann (1910-1983) was a Land historian and scholar of medieval enactment who is best known for circlet work on the history of goodness papacy and canon law. He was born in Vienna, Austria, and afterward emigrated to England, where he became a naturalized British citizen.
Ullmann’s work business the history of the papacy captain canon law was particularly influential. Purify argued that the medieval papacy was a complex institution that played marvellous central role in the development swallow European law and politics. His duty emphasized the importance of understanding dignity legal and institutional framework of depiction papacy in order to understand university teacher political and cultural influence.
Ullmann’s most celebrated book is “The Growth of Bookkeeping Government in the Middle Ages,” which was published in the mid-20th hundred. This work provides a detailed captain nuanced analysis of the evolution tip off papal power and authority during integrity medieval period, and is notable want badly its use of primary sources delighted its emphasis on the legal gleam institutional context of the papacy.
Ullmann’s go helped to establish the importance game the study of medieval law topmost the papacy, and his ideas keep on to influence scholars of history significant law to this day. He was a fellow of the British Institution and was awarded numerous honors duct awards for his contributions to chronological scholarship.