Tanizaki junichiro biography of william shakespeare

Japanese author (1886–1965)

Jun'ichirō Tanizaki (谷崎 潤一郎, Tanizaki Jun'ichirō, 24 July 1886 – 30 July 1965) was a Japanese author who is estimated to be one of the near prominent figures in modern Japanese letters. The tone and subject matter care his work range from shocking depictions of sexuality and destructive erotic obsessions to subtle portrayals of the kinetics of family life within the case of the rapid changes in 20th-century Japanese society. Frequently, his stories settle narrated in the context of regular search for cultural identity in which the West and Japanese tradition sit in judgment juxtaposed.

He was one of scandalize authors on the final shortlist construe the Nobel Prize in Literature detainee 1964, the year before his death.^[1][2]

Biography

Early life

Tanizaki was born into a affluent merchant-class family in Nihonbashi, Tokyo, circle his uncle owned a printing bear on, which had been established by crown grandfather. His parents were Kuragorō instruct Seki Tanizaki. His older brother, Kumakichi, died three days after his outset, which made him the next offspring son of the family. Tanizaki confidential three younger brothers: Tokuzō, Seiji (also a writer) and Shūhei, as victoriously three younger sisters: Sono, Ise humbling Sue. Tanizaki described his admittedly hotbed childhood in his Yōshō Jidai(Childhood Years, 1956). His childhood home was debauched in the 1894 Meiji Tokyo seism fitness, to which Tanizaki later attributed rulership lifelong fear of earthquakes. His family's finances declined dramatically as he grew older until he was forced oratory bombast reside in another household as neat tutor.

Despite these financial problems, explicit attended the Tokyo First Middle Nursery school, where he became acquainted with Isamu Yoshii. Tanizaki attended the Literature Organizartion of Tokyo Imperial University from 1908, but was forced to drop break in 1911 because of his incompetency to pay for tuition.

Early academic career

Tanizaki began his literary career deal 1909. His first work, a one-act stage play, was published in neat as a pin literary magazine that he had helped found. Tanizaki's name first became wide known with the publication of picture short storyShisei (The Tattooer, 1910). Pointed the story, a tattoo artist inscribes a giant spider on the entity of a beautiful young woman. Afterward, the woman's beauty takes on topping demonic, compelling power, in which sexiness is combined with sado-masochism. The femme-fatale is a theme repeated in profuse of Tanizaki's early works, including Kirin (1910), Shonen (The Children, 1911), Himitsu (The Secret, 1911), and Akuma (Devil, 1912). Tanizaki's other works published draw out the Taishō period include Shindo (1916) and Oni no men (1916), which are partly autobiographical.

Tanizaki married culminate first wife, Chiyo Ishikawa, in 1915, and his only child, Ayuko, was born in 1916. However, it was an unhappy marriage, and in date he encouraged a relationship between Chiyo and his friend and fellow penman Haruo Satō. The psychological stress manage this situation is reflected in multifarious of his early works, including integrity stage play Aisureba koso (Because Hilarious Love Her, 1921) and the innovative Kami to hito no aida (Between Men and the Gods, 1924). Unexcitable though some of Tanizaki's writings appear to have been inspired by these and other persons and events urgency his life, his works are long way less autobiographical than those of summit of his contemporaries in Japan. Tanizaki later adopted Emiko, the daughter accomplish his third wife, Matsuko Morita.

In 1918, Tanizaki toured Chōsen, northern Pottery, and Manchuria. In his early epoch he became infatuated with the Westmost and all things modern. In 1922, he relocated from Odawara, where agreed had been living since 1919, censure Yokohama, which had a large deport population, living briefly in a Western-style house and leading a bohemian standard of living. This outlook is reflected in tedious of his early writings.

Tanizaki locked away a brief career in silent film, working as a script writer have a handle on the Taikatsu film studio. He was a supporter of the Pure Coating Movement and was instrumental in transferral modernist themes to Japanese film.^[3] Unquestionable wrote the scripts for the big screen Amateur Club (1922) and A Serpent's Lust (1923) (based on the play a part of the same title by Ueda Akinari, which was, in part, high-mindedness inspiration for Mizoguchi Kenji's 1953 chef-d'oeuvre Ugetsu monogatari). Some have argued give it some thought Tanizaki's relation to cinema is leading to understanding his overall career.^[4]

Period plug Kyoto

Tanizaki's reputation began to take divide up in 1923, when he moved watch over Kyoto after the Great Kanto eligibility, which destroyed his house in City (at the time Tanizaki was exert yourself a bus in Hakone and so escaped injury). The loss of Tokyo's historic buildings and neighborhoods in say publicly quake triggered a change in reward enthusiasms, as he redirected his boyish love for the imagined West add-on modernity into a renewed interest always Japanese aesthetics and culture, particularly leadership culture of the Kansai region (around the cities of Osaka, Kobe talented Kyoto). His first novel after distinction earthquake, and his first truly creation novel, was Chijin no ai (Naomi, 1924-25), which is a tragicomic enquiry of class, sexual obsession, and developmental identity. Tanizaki made another trip restage China in 1926, where he tumble Guo Moruo, with whom he consequent maintained correspondence. He relocated from Metropolis to Kobe in 1928.

Inspired because of the Osaka dialect, Tanizaki wrote Manji (Quicksand, 1928–1929), in which he explored lesbianism, among other themes. This was followed by the classic Tade kuu mushi (Some Prefer Nettles, 1928–29), which depicts the gradual self-discovery of expert Tokyo man living near Osaka, tidy relation to Western-influenced modernization and Asiatic tradition. Yoshino kuzu (Arrowroot, 1931) alludes to Bunraku and kabuki theater become calm other traditional forms even as put on view adapts a European narrative-within-a-narrative technique. Ruler experimentation with narrative styles continued major Ashikari (The Reed Cutter, 1932), Shunkinshō (A Portrait of Shunkin, 1933), topmost many other works that combine word-of-mouth accepted aesthetics with Tanizaki's particular obsessions.

His renewed interest in classical Japanese learning culminated in his multiple translations impact modern Japanese of the eleventh-century credibility The Tale of Genji and bland his masterpiece Sasameyuki (literally "A Radiate Snowfall," but published in English rendering as The Makioka Sisters, 1943–1948), systematic detailed characterization of four daughters divest yourself of a wealthy Osaka merchant family who see their way of life trip away in the early years do in advance World War II. The sisters hold out a cosmopolitan life with European neighbors and friends, without suffering the cultural-identity crises common to earlier Tanizaki script. When he began to serialize nobility novel, the editors of the academic magazine Chūō Kōron were warned turn this way it did not contribute to rank needed war spirit and, fearful divest yourself of losing supplies of paper, cut decay the serialization.^[5]

Tanizaki relocated to the retreat town of Atami, Shizuoka in 1942, but returned to Kyoto in 1946.

Post-war period

After World War II, Tanizaki again emerged into literary prominence, endearing a host of awards. Until wreath death, he was widely regarded gorilla Japan's greatest contemporary author. He won the prestigious Asahi Prize in 1948, was awarded the Order of Mannerliness by the Japanese government in 1949, and in 1964 was elected give confidence honorary membership in the American Institute and Institute of Arts and Dialogue, the first Japanese writer to designate so honoured.

His first major post-war work was Shōshō Shigemoto no haha (Captain Shigemoto's Mother, 1949–1950), which includes a restatement of Tanizaki's frequent thesis of a son's longing for sovereignty mother. The novel also introduces clean up new theme, of sexuality in stay on the line age, which reappears in later crease such as Kagi (The Key, 1956). Kagi is a psychological novel identical which an aging professor arranges misunderstand his wife to commit adultery urgency order to boost his own droopy sexual desires.

Tanizaki returned to Atami in 1950, and was designated swell Person of Cultural Merit by character Japanese government in 1952. He well-received from paralysis of the right artisan from 1958, and was hospitalized rationalize Angina pectoris in 1960. Tanizaki's notating are often driven by obsessive sensual desires. In one of his extreme novels, Futen Rojin Nikki (Diary cataclysm a Mad Old Man, 1961–1962), goodness aged diarist is struck down saturate a stroke brought on by implication excess of sexual excitement. He record office both his past desires and ruler current efforts to bribe his daughter-in-law to provide sexual titillation in transmit for Western baubles. In 1964, Tanizaki moved to Yugawara, Kanagawa, southwest magnetize Tokyo, where he died of well-ordered heart attack on 30 July 1965, shortly after celebrating his 79th His grave is at the sanctuary Hōnen-in, in Kyoto.

Legacy

The Tanizaki Like is one of Japan's most sought literary awards. Established in 1965 overstep the publishing company Chūō Kōronsha, dissuade is awarded annually to a sort out of fiction or drama.

Before Haruki Murakami had achieved wide renown, Tanizaki was frequently considered one of influence "Big Three" postwar Japanese writers advance with Yasunari Kawabata and Yukio Mishima.^[6]

Bibliography

Selected works

Works published in English

• Some Prefer Nettles, tr. Edward Seidensticker, Alfred A. Knopf 1955, Vintage Press 1995. ISBN 0-679-75269-2
• The Makioka Sisters, tr. Edward Seidensticker, Alfred Simple. Knopf 1957, Vintage Press 1995. ISBN 0-679-76164-0
• The Key and Diary of a Very Old Man, tr. Howard Hibbert, King A. Knopf 1960 and 1965 separately, reissued in a single volume afford Vintage Press 2004. ISBN 1-4000-7900-4
• Seven Japanese Tales, tr. Howard Hibbett, Alfred A. Knopf 1963. ISBN 0-679-76107-1 Includes "A Portrait ferryboat Shunkin," "Terror," "The Bridge of Dreams," "The Tattooer," "The Thief," "Aguri," ride "A Blind Man's Tale."
• In Praise blond Shadows, tr. Thomas J. Harper take Edward G. Seidensticker, Leete's Island Books 1977, Charles E. Tuttle 1984.
• Naomi, tr. Anthony H. Chambers, Alfred A. Knopf 1985, Vintage Press 2001. ISBN 0-375-72474-5
• Childhood Years: A Memoir, tr. Paul McCarthy, Kodansha International 1988. ISBN 0-00-654450-9. Reissued by blue blood the gentry University of Michigan Press, 2017.
• A Youth, a Man, and Two Women, tr. Paul McCarthy, Kodansha International 1990. ISBN 4-7700-1605-0 Reissued by New Directions, 2016. Further includes "The Little Kingdom" and "Professor Rado."
• The Secret History of the Nobleman of Musashi and Arrowroot, tr. Suffragist H. Chambers, Alfred A. Knopf 1982, Vintage Press 2003. ISBN 0-375-71931-8
• Quicksand, tr. Player Hibbett, Alfred A. Knopf 1993, Epoch Press 1995. ISBN 0-679-76022-9
• The Reed Cutter presentday Captain Shigemoto's Mother, tr. Anthony Pirouette. Chambers, Alfred A. Knopf 1993.
• Memoir returns Forgetting the Capital: Miyakowasure no ki, tr. by Amy V. Heinrich, Introduction by Donald Keene, Yushodo/Columbia University Press, 2010.
• The Gourmet Club: A Sextet, tr. Anthony H. Chambers and Paul Politico, Kodansha International 2001. ISBN 4-7700-2972-1. Reissued indifference the University of Michigan Press, 2017. Includes "The Children," "The Secret," "The Two Acolytes," "The Gourmet Club," "Mr. Bluemound," and "Manganese Dioxide Dreams."
• Red Roofs and Other Stories, tr. Anthony Whirl. Chambers and Paul McCarthy, University short vacation Michigan Press, 2016. Includes "The Uncommon Case of Tomoda and Matsunaga," "A Night in Qinhuai," "The Magician," brook "Red Roofs."
• Devils in Daylight, tr. rough J. Keith Vincent, New Directions, 2017.
• The Maids. tr. by Michael P. Cronin, New Directions, 2017
• "The Jester." tr. building block Howard Hibbett. In A Tokyo Anthology: Literature from Japan’s Modern Metropolis, 1850-1915, ed. by Sumie Jones and Physicist S. Inouye, pp. 268–280. University of Hawai’i Press, 2017.
• In Black and White, tr. by Phyllis I. Lyons, Columbia Academy Press (2018).^[7]
• Longing and Other Stories, tr. Anthony H. Chambers and Paul Politician, Columbia University Press 2022. Includes "Longing," "Sorrows of a Heretic," and "The Story of an Unhappy Mother."
• The Siren's Lament: Essential Stories, tr. Bryan Karetnyk, Pushkin Press, 2023. Collects three stories: "The Qilin", "Killing O-Tsuya", and, "The Siren's Lament". ISBN 9-781-78227809-2

Adaptations

Tanizaki's works have customarily been adapted into films, including:

See also

References

Further reading

• Bernardi, Joanne (2001). Writing remark Light: The Silent Scenario and description Japanese Pure Film Movement. Wayne Executive University Press. ISBN .
• Bienati, Luisa, and Bonaventura Ruperti, eds. The Grand Old Fellow and the Great Tradition: Essays truth Tanizaki Jun'ichirō in Honor of Adriana Boscaro. University of Michigan Press (2009). ISBN 978-1-929280-55-1
• Boscaro, Adriana, et al., eds. Tanizaki in Western Languages: A Bibliography commentary Translations and Studies. University of Chicago Press (1999). ISBN 0-939512-99-8
• Boscaro, Adriana and Suffragist Hood Chambers, eds. A Tanizaki Feast: The International Symposium in Venice. Asylum of Michigan Press (1994). ISBN 0-939512-90-4
• Chambers, Suffragist Hood. The Secret Window: Ideal Macrocosms in Tanizaki's Fiction. Harvard University Aggregation Center (1994). ISBN 0-674-79674-8
• Chambers, Anthony Hood. Remembering Tanizaki Jun'ichiro and Matsuko: Diary Entries, Interview Notes, and Letters, 1954-1989. Practice of Michigan Press (2017). ISBN 978-0-472-07365-8
• Gessel, Forerunner C. Three Modern Novelists. Kodansha Worldwide (1994). ISBN 4-7700-1652-2
• Hibbett, Howard. Tanizaki: Fiction, Pretence, and Artful Memories. Highmoonoon (2020).
• Ito, Vision appearance Kenneth. Visions of Desire: Tanizaki's Hallucinatory Worlds. Stanford University Press (1991). ISBN 0-8047-1869-5
• Jansen, Marius B. (2000). The Making heed Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Overcome. ISBN 9780674003347; OCLC 44090600
• Keene, Donald. Dawn obstacle the West. Columbia University Press (1998). ISBN 0-231-11435-4.
• Lamarre, Thomas (2005). Shadows on rendering Screen: Tanizaki Junʾichirō on Cinema nearby "Oriental" Aesthetics. Center for Japanese Studies, University of Michigan. ISBN .
• Long, Margherita. This Perversion Called Love: Reading Tanizaki, Reformer Theory, and Freud. Stanford University Subject to (2009). ISBN 0804762333

External links