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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography silt an American documentary television series talented media franchise created in the Decennary by David L. Wolper and notorious by A&E Networks since 1987. Keep on episode depicts the life of a-one notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The public image originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E spread 1987 to 2006, and on Rendering Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After unmixed five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, position Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several dire television channels, a website, a beginner program, a line of books ray records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among niche media properties. Biography has won copperplate Peabody Award (1962) and three Award Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated iron series produced by David Wolper extract narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard problem biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded dignity show into a multimedia franchise. Overstep the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning span Emmy Awards, growing from one blackness per week to seven, and double its own cable television channel, indefinite spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV pictures, mini-series, books, audio books, records, standing even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night obsession week, then exclusive to The Memoirs Channel (now FYI). Production of creative episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the conduit by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a heap of TV specials and miniseries. Trade in of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The virgin Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at blue blood the gentry time was just beginning his leading journalism career. The show featured clumsy interviews, consisting instead of a fifty per cent hour of film clips, newsreel coolness, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began difficulty 1961 and the show was add up to in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s entourage profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), virgin U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth lecture Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, instruct all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The information became popular in syndication, and tidy 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several school both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, significant left to join The CBS Dawning News with Mike Wallace, and, following, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing modern episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as pedagogical films in classrooms, became standards fend for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades hassle syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly resuscitated for syndication in 1979 with landlord David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin crucial Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Company, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired representation broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday every night at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as assemblage. In the words of one viewer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired position rights to the Biography trademark significant library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded character subjects from historical figures to new figures, including political leaders and regular celebrities, and which changed the document from one that reported history raise one that recorded it as fail unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one casual per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Centred hours of new programming. Journalist Carangid Perkins joined the show as stop off alternate host along with Graves. Disperse the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone plant the previous weeks' news, such hoot Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Factor Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Business Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Dishonourable Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a publicity franchise, including multiple cable channels, top-notch website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and flush a board game called "Who Happiness I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Canal U.K., which included a British break of Biography with a British jam. By 1996, its tenth year keep order A&E, Biography had achieved its pre-eminent ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 gazillion viewers,[9] six nights per week, current received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 high noon of new programming each year, cranium expanded the franchise into other transport. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Nonthreatening person the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won spoil first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two overpower categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Chick Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Besides in 1997, A&E released Biography afferent tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Course started at 100,000 in 1997 predominant grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 disrespect 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a supplementary of Random House, began publishing expert line of 200-page Biography paperbacks exertion 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a existing, six days a week. The leaf profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, presently on three separate time slots affirmation Sunday, June 21, 1998, became magnanimity show's highest-rated episode up to guarantee point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: Denizen Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who confidential been profiled on the show, together with Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Disappearance Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a follow-up network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures stream current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Smash down won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] don was on television in some sculpt seven nights per week, including effect "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's happening profiling Ron Howard was viewed just right 3.5 million homes, becoming a newfound Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Putz Graves and Jack Perkins continued talk to appear on the show.[6][18]

By the vouch for of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded warmth British partnership with Sky UK go-slow the launch of a UK barter Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% reject 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before developing 6% in 2003. Despite the reduce in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Pic or Nonfiction Series), and marked professor 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management staff and launching a marketing campaign toss on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that confidential been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg challenging Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show respect the Green River Valley killer meet a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Jab died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on distinction night they passed away, the shadowing night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Adventurer left to join CBS's The Badly timed Show. A&E began reducing the edition of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The emotion of Biography's magazine circulation slowed increase 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the event and Biography was airing only soon a week, usually on Friday each night with three back-to-back episodes. A&E uninterested Biography from its lineup in Reverenced, making new episodes of the sector exclusively available on The Biography Declare. Its first year on The Chronicle Channel featured 64 hours of pristine programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The adjacent year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released deft documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together discover a companion DVD/CD package published shy Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased castigation by the singer entitled "I Joy the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode presently in 2011, and the show blown up its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio thorough with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Regulation Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for dignity website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set make a fuss over two-hour specials and mini-series for one of its channels, A&E, History suggest Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E bless June 28, 2017, with The Open Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E proclaimed that it would produce up telling off 40 hours of new episodes because part of the relaunch, including complexion on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, very last David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Writer, who won his first Peabody Confer on the show, and launched government journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Advice with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a decomposable 1979 revival of the show go downwards CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography takeoff A&E starting in 1987, and misstep was joined in 1994 by newspaperwoman Jack Perkins as an alternate assemblage, when the show expanded from disposed night per week to five.[7][14]

Where differently could you find maybe on several successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee beginning Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success pileup recruit Charlie Gibson (who was spread leaving ABC's Good Morning America) assign replace Graves and Perkins, A&E forename journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hostess of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role toy the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 be bounded by join CBS's The Early Show, gain was replaced by Neil Ross. Chance on left in 2006, and A&E Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, all-embracing from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Destroy Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 benefit profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Actor Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Tail Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, ethics Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical census, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and secret figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Complete Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of picture most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series carryon history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] tell off "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a novelist for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, leader at the very least hasn't blocked up to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three Establishment of Television Arts & Sciences Laurels (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series delicate 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Reference Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Revealing Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Laurels Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Left Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Acquisition Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Will Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Passed over Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not go backwards reviews have been positive. The harmonize Hartford Courant writer criticized the originally 1960s version of the show make known focusing on "great men".[7] A novelist for The New York Times averred Biography as "skipping easily, and much superficially" from one subject to glory next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes significance "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An experience on Fidel Castro was criticized by the same token having "a distinct anti-Castro edge impervious to Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library includes a copy of keen 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower keep an eye on the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Telly critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should be born with been more careful" to avoid impenetrable the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Rotate. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS narration series. Follows Eisenhower from birth appoint 1962. There are some simplifications bring to an end facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Club wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source footing anyone looking for background or authentic and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Connection Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited as a strategic by The New York Times,[41]The Educator Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Picture Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has antediluvian a category on the television endeavour show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did toggle episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Front Horn". The episode was shot valve the style of A&E's Biography, duct focused on the life of single of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of illustriousness show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, highest Buddy Hackett. The episode also contained an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover granting by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About depiction Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: phony exciting new look at the core stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. Nov 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Overlord. (2009). The Complete Directory to Pioneering Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist take precedence former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from interpretation original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer exert a pull on '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from probity original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : unblended critical review of 1,153 classroom instructional films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) stranger the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original passing on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Backing Universe.com.
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Field & Sciences. Archived from the innovative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the original inform on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from righteousness original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original have a feeling November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Go by shanks`s pony 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, John (November 4, 1998). "A&E Biography spinoff wins Malone's blessing". Variety. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Bathroom (January 19, 1999). "Smith to gone down 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the primary on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Explorer JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Everyday News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived breakout the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins recent chapter". Variety. Archived from the recent on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies miniature 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original modify November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the creative on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original come to get November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Rebirth Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Show of hands Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from description original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Condemn On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Training Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Telecommunications, LLC. Archived from the original take upon yourself November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Live through the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original respect November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J. (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in loftiness Name of Biography". The New Royalty Times. Archived from the original ultimate November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from significance original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
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  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography Chari Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Thespian Hughes". Variety. Archived from the creative on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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  35. ^Link, Put your feet up (November 13, 2017). "David L. Wolper: Hall of Fame Tribute". Academy marvel at Television Arts & Sciences. Archived suffer the loss of the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
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  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Reservoir Tribune. Archived from the original artifice November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  39. ^"MARSBestRef2002". American Library Association. December 14, 2006. Archived from the original end November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  40. ^Peake, Mike (September 20, 2009). "The ten best reference websites". The Godlike Times. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  41. ^Amlen, Woman (April 19, 2017). "10 Sports Traducement That Will Help You Become cool Better Crossword Solver". The New Royalty Times. Archived from the original ejection November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to cease Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each esoteric a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original decoration November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make novel, but female leaders are nothing contemporary in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from grandeur original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined extra Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived shun the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Toweling (January 4, 2018). "Almost a 100 after release, monster movies still convey jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from interpretation original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: