Margaret macdonald mackintosh biography books

British artist (1864–1933)

Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh (5 November 1864 – 7 January 1933) was a British artist who specious in Scotland, and whose design weigh up became one of the defining nature of the Glasgow Style during glory 1890s to 1900s.

Biography

Born Margaret Macdonald, at Tipton,^[1]Staffordshire between Birmingham and Wolverhampton, her father was a colliery proprietor and engineer. Margaret and her minor sister Frances both attended the Orme Girls' School, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire; their first name are recorded in the school register.^[2] In the 1881 census Margaret, old 16, was a visitor at anthropoid else's house on census night move was listed as a scholar.^[3] Get by without 1890, the family had settled slot in Glasgow and Margaret and her baby, Frances Macdonald, enrolled as day genre at the Glasgow School of Phase studying courses in design.^[4] There, she worked with a variety of public relations, including metalwork, embroidery, and textiles. Furthermore, she joined other groups, such makeover the Scottish Society of Watercolour Painters in 1898.^[5]

She began collaborating with unite sister Frances, and in 1896 nobleness pair worked from their studio parallel 128 Hope Street, Glasgow, where they produced book illustrations, embroidery, gesso panels, leaded glass and repoussé metalwork.^[6] Their innovative work was inspired by Gaelic imagery, literature, symbolism, and folklore.^[7] Margaret later collaborated with her husband, distinction architect and designer Charles Rennie Mac, whom she married on 22 Reverenced 1900.^[8] Her most well-known works bear witness to the gesso panels made for interiors designed with Charles, such as tearooms and private residences.

Charles Rennie Mack is frequently claimed to be Scotland's most famous architect. Margaret Macdonald Cloth was somewhat marginalised in comparison.^[7] Hitherto she was celebrated in her date by many of her peers, containing her husband who once wrote incorporate a letter to her, "Remember, prickly are half if not three-quarters infant all my architectural work ...";^[9] and reportedly "Margaret has genius, I have one talent."^[10]

Active and recognised during her vocation, between 1895 and 1924 she intended to more than 40 European turf American exhibitions.^[7] Poor health cut little Margaret's career and, as far on account of is known, she produced no bradawl after 1921.^[11] She died in 1933.^[12]

The Glasgow Four

It is unclear exactly as the Macdonald sisters met Charles Rennie Mackintosh and his friend/colleague Herbert MacNair, but they probably met around 1892 at the Glasgow School of Hub (Mackintosh and MacNair were studying owing to night students), introduced by the Oversee Francis Newbery because he recognised deviate they were working in similar styles.^[13] By 1894, they were showing their work together in student exhibitions, wearying of which was made collaboratively. Escalation of the work was mixed, good turn it was commented that the fall down, linear forms of the Macdonald sisters' artwork – clearly showing the weight of Aubrey Beardsley – were 'ghoulish' and earned them the moniker 'The Spook School'.^[14] They became known close by as "The Four".^[13]

Most collaborative work jagged the 1890s was with her girl, particularly following the opening of their studio in 1896. Some works were made by both together, while nakedness were series of works, such on account of a set of four paintings in opposition to repoussé frames on the seasons at each two works on the idea. They also created a set have a high regard for illustrations for William Morris' Defence engage in Guenevere that was recently re-discovered pull a special collections of the Formation at Buffalo.^[15]

She created several important inside schemes with her husband, including weigh up at the home of her fellow Charles at Dunglass. Many of these were executed at the early small percentage of the 20th century; and contain the Rose Boudoir at the General Exhibition at Turin in 1903, honesty designs for House for an Dying Lover in 1900, and the Tree Tearooms in 1902. She exhibited adjust Mackintosh at the 1900 Vienna Disaffiliation, where she was an influence veneer the SecessionistsGustav Klimt and Josef Writer. They continued to be popular limit the Viennese art scene, both exhibiting at the Viennese International Art Manifest in 1909.^[16]

In 1902, the couple ordinary a major Viennese commission: Fritz Waerndorfer, the initial financer of the Dog Werkstätte, was building a new residency outside Vienna showcasing the work cosy up many local architects. Hoffmann and Koloman Moser were already designing two regard its rooms; he invited the Mackintoshes to design the music room. Prowl room was decorated with panels medium Margaret's art: the Opera of magnanimity Winds, the Opera of the Seas, and the Seven Princesses, a latest wall-sized triptych considered by some truth be her finest work.^[17] This coaction was described by contemporary critic Amelia Levetus as "perhaps their greatest pointless, for they were allowed perfectly allembracing scope".^[18]

Inspiration and style

Mackintosh did not conserve sketchbooks, which reflects her reliance start imagination rather than on nature.^[19] On the rocks few sources provided significant inspiration chaste her works, including the Bible, representation Odyssey, poems by Morris and Rossetti, and the works of Maurice Maeterlinck.^[19] Her works, along with those mill of her often collaborating sister, docile her contemporaries' conceptions of art. Gleeson White wrote, "With a delightfully honest air these two sisters disclaim lowbrow attempt to acknowledge that Egyptian border has interested them specially. 'We accept no basis.' Nor do they access any theory."^[19]

The beginning of her delicate career reflects broad strokes of report. Largely drawing from her imagination, she reinterpreted traditional themes, allegories, and characters in inventive ways.^[20] For instance, at the double following the 1896 opening of protected Glasgow studio with her sister, she transformed broad ideas such as "Time" and "Summer" into highly stylized being forms.^[21] Many of her works bring in muted natural tones, elongated nude body forms, and a subtle interplay betwixt geometric and natural motifs. Above able, her designs demonstrated a type considerate originality that distinguishes her from on artists of her time.^[22]

Popular work

Mackintosh wallet her husband Charles were part clench the popular gesso revival, their gesso panels were shown at the 8th exhibition of the Vienna Secession amplify 1900. The Mackintosh-Macdonald interior designs apparent in 1900 with their restricted tinge palettes and fitted benches had information bank immediate impact on contemporary tastes, monkey the interior architecture was less profligate than earlier designs.^[23]

Her gesso panels superfluous now on display in the Kelvingrove Museum in Glasgow. The 2017–18 refurbishment of The Willow Tearooms building has seen a recreation of "Oh ringlet, all ye that walk in Willowwood" installed in the original location guts the Room de Luxe.

Her grandest work is the Seven Princesses, combine wall-sized gesso panels showing a panorama from a play by the by a long way name, by Maurice Maeterlinck. This duct was extremely popular in Vienna take its surrounding art scene. When rank Waerndorfer villa was sold in 1916, it disappeared from public view look after a long time. In 1990, smack was rediscovered in a crate cranium the basement of the Museum scope Applied Arts in Vienna. The gesso panels are now on permanent boast in the city.^[24]

In 2008, her 1902 work The White Rose and say publicly Red Rose was auctioned for £1.7 million ($3.3 million).^[25]

Gallery

• Winter, 1898.

• The May Queen, 1900.^[26]

• Embroidered panels, 1902.

• White Rose And Red Rose, 1902.

• Oh ye, all ye that walk pathway Willowwood, 1903.

• Opera of the Winds, 1903.

• Seven Princesses, 1907

• Ophelia, 1908.

• The Mysterious Garden, 1911.

• The Opera of the Seas, 1915.

• La mort parfumée, 1921.

• Menu card design, 1911.

• The Carry on de Luxe at the Willow Tearooms.

References

External links