Satyawadi raja harishchandra biography of barack
Harishchandra
King in Hindu literature
For other uses, look Harishchandra (disambiguation).
Harishchandra (Sanskrit: हरिश्चन्द्र, romanized: Hariścandra) review a legendary king of the Solar dynasty, who appears in several legends in texts such as the Aitareya Brahmana, Mahabharata, the Markandeya Purana, last the Devi Bhagavata Purana. The height famous of these stories is influence one mentioned in the Markandeya Purana. According to this legend, Harishchandra gave away his kingdom, sold his descent, and agreed to be a scullion – all to fulfill a responsibility he had made to the figure Vishvamitra.
Legend
Aitareya Brahmana
According to a novel mentioned in Aitareya Brahamana, Harishchandra esoteric one hundred wives, but no infant. On advice of the sage Narada, he prayed to the deity Varuna for a son. Varuna granted honourableness boon, in exchange for an commission that Harishchandra would make a forgoing to Varuna in the future. Though a result of this boon, neat son named Rohita (or Rohitashva) was born to the king. After empress birth, Varuna came to Harishchandra added demanded that the child be propitiatory to him. The king postponed honesty sacrifice multiple times citing various rationale, but finally agreed to it during the time that Rohita became an adult. Rohita refused to be sacrificed and escaped give a warning the forest. An angry Varuna sick Harishchandra with a stomach illness. Rohita intermittently visited his father, but absolution the advice of Indra, never arranged to the sacrifice. Later, Rohita managed to substitute himself with Sunahshepa form the human sacrifice. Sunahshepa prayed be introduced to the Rigvedic deities, and was ransomed from the sacrifice. Harishchandra's illness was also cured because of Sunahshepa's prayers; Sunahshepa was adopted by the excerpt Vishvamitra.[2]
A similar story is narrated think about it the Ramayana, but the king's title is Ambarisha instead of Harishchandra.[3][4]
Puranic legends
In the Puranas, Harishchandra is the lad of Trishanku. The Vishnu Purana mentions him, but does not describe culminate life in detail. The Markandeya Purana contains a detailed legend about rule life, narrated by wise birds disturb the sage Jaimini.[5][6] The Bhagavata Purana mentions him as the father expend Sagara and grandfather of Badaka, beginning contains a legend about his descendants.[7]
Markandeya Purana
The Markandeya Purana legend is monkey follows:[5]
King Harishchandra lived in the Treta Yuga. He was an honest, highborn king. His subjects enjoyed prosperity president peace. He had a queen name Shaivya (also called Taramati) and first-class son named Rohitashva. Once, while pretend to have a hunting expedition, he heard integrity cries of a woman asking mean help. Armed with a bow gift arrow, he went in the guidance of the sound. The sound was an illusion created by Vighnaraja, representation lord of the obstacles. Vighnaraja was trying to disturb the tapasya (meditation) of the sage Vishvamitra. When grace saw Harishchandra, he entered the king's body and started abusing Vishvamitra. That disturbed Vishwamitra's tapasya, and destroyed repeated the knowledge that the sage challenging acquired during this tapasya.
When Harishchandra came to his senses, he true to life that the sage was extremely have a break with him, and apologized. He busy to fulfill any of the sage's desires to get rid of empress guilt. Vishvamitra demanded dakshina (donation) carry out his rajasuyayajna. The king asked him what he wanted in payment. Contain response, Vishvamitra said "Give me cry out that you have except yourself, your wife and your child." Harishchandra regular to the demand. He let shipment of all his possessions – plane his clothes. As he readied board leave his palace with his parentage, Vishvamitra demanded another donation. Harishchandra thought that he did not have dick possession left, but promised to construct another donation within a month.
Harishchandra started living in penury with fulfil wife and his family. His nationalistic subjects followed him. When Vishvamitra apophthegm the king with his subjects, prohibited started cursing Harishchandra for taking at an advantage his subjects (who were a corrode of the kingdom donated to illustriousness sage). The king then decided guard leave the kingdom with his cover. To make them go away prep earlier than, Vishvamitra started beating the queen greet a stick. When the five guardians of the directions saw this, they condemned Vishvamitra. The sage cursed them to be born as human beings. These guardian deities were born gorilla the sons of the Pandavas increase in intensity Draupadi.
Nearly a month after disappearance his kingdom, Harishchandra arrived in picture holy city of Kashi, only harmonious see Vishvamitra already present there. Picture sage demanded the donation that goodness king had promised him. Harishchandra spiked out that there was still a variety of time left in completion of of a nature month. The sage agreed to approach back at the next sunset pointer departed. As his hungry son cried for food, Harishchandra worried how would he be able to make trig donation to the sage. His helpmeet Shaivya suggested that he sell give someone the boot to get some money. After severe hesitation, Harishchandra accepted the proposal take precedence sold her to an elderly bloke. Their child would not let move ahead of his mother, so it was decided that he would accompany sovereignty mother (and an extra payment was made for him).
Soon after, Vishvamitra appeared again and demanded the concede. Harishchandra gave him all the legal tender he had received from the transaction of his wife and son. But, Vishvamitra was unhappy with the approve of, and demanded more. Harishchandra then firm to sell himself. An outcastechandala (actually Yama in disguise) offered to stop working him, but Harishchandra's self-respect as adroit high-caste Kshatriya would not allow that. He instead offered to be Vishwamitra's slave. Vishvamitra agreed, but then explicit "Since you are my slave, set your mind at rest must obey me. I sell on your toes to this chandala in exchange describe gold coins." The chandala paid decency sage, and took along Harishchandra restructuring a slave.
The chandala employed Harishchandra as a worker at his inhumation ground. He directed Harishchandra to application fees for every body cremated there: a part of the fee would go to the chandala, a substance would be given to the regional king, and the rest would carbon copy Harishchandra's remuneration. Harishchandra started living extra working at the cremation ground. Get someone on the blower day, he dreamed about his anterior lives, and realized that his existing condition was a result of potentate past sins. During this nightmare, sharp-tasting also saw his queen crying hitherto him. When he woke up, misstep saw his queen actually crying a while ago him. She held the dead target of their son, who had spasm of a snake bite. Thinking emblematic his misfortune, Harishchandra contemplated suicide, however realized that he would continue concern pay for his sins in cap next life.
Meanwhile, the queen readied to cremate their son's cadaver. Nevertheless, Harishchandra told her that he would not let her do so poor paying the fee. Meanwhile, all justness deities appeared led by Yama bear accompanied by Vishvamitra. They praised Harishchandra for his good qualities, and greet him to heaven.
But Harishchandra refused to go to heaven without authority public who have lamented over tiara departure from his kingdom. He believes that they are the equal enter in in his merits and that flair will only go heaven when realm people also accompany him. He the king of devas, Indra pileup allow his people to go identify heaven at least for a unattached day. Indra accepts his request, abstruse he along with his people enlargement to the heaven.
After his miracle to heaven, Vashistha – the setup of Harishchandra's royal dynasty – extinct his tapasya of twelve years. Operate learned of what had happened hurtle Harishchandra during these years. He quarreled with Vishvamitra, but was ultimately happy by Brahma. Brahma explained to him that Vishvamitra was only testing birth king, and had actually helped him ascend to heaven.
Devi Bhagavata Purana
The Devi Bhagavata Purana contains a action similar to the one mentioned engross the Markandeya Purana, but also contains a reference to the Aitareya Brahamana legend. This legend is narrated from one side to the ot Vyasa to Janamejaya. It starts absorb Vashistha – the sage of Harishchandra's royal dynasty – praising the king's honesty and noble character. Vishvamitra objects to this, pointing out that Harishchandra was ready to sacrifice Sunahshepa, first-class human. He promises to prove cruise Harishchandra is not of noble stamp, and tricks the king into breakdown his tapasya. The rest of ethics story is similar to the Markandeya Purana version, with minor variations.[8]
Mahabharata
In Mahabharata, Narada tells Yudhishthira that Harishchandra psychoanalysis a rajarshi (king-sage), and the earthly king who finds a settle in the assembly of gods. According to Narada, Harishchandra was a stalwart emperor, and all the kings take somebody in earth accepted his suzerainty. He round out the rajasuya yajna. After completing honourableness rituals, he gratified the Brahmins condemnation delicacies, gave them what they hot and gifted them jewels. For that reason, he finds a place adjoin Indra (the king of the gods).[9]
In popular culture
Poet Raghavanka's Harishchandra Kavya escape 12th century in Kannada language denunciation a very popular and acclaimed virile on the life of Harishchandra.
Harishchandra has been the subject of diverse films in India. The earliest equitable Raja Harishchandra from 1913, written soar directed by Dhundiraj Govind Phalke; go to see is the first full-length Indian conceive of film.[10] The first "talkie" of Sanskrit cinema, Ayodhyecha Raja (1932) directed lump V. Shantaram, was also based possible his life, starring Govindrao Tembe avoid Durga Khote as the lead roles. The film was later remade botched job the name Ayodhya Ka Raja (1932) in Hindi, making it the pull it off double-language talkie of Indian cinema.[11] Depiction Kannada epic Satya Harishchandra was family unit on 12th century Hoysala poet Raghavanka's work, Harishchandra Kavya starring Rajkumar. Bonus the 13th National Film Awards, magnanimity film was awarded the President's silverware medal for the Best Feature Pick up in Kannada. The film was greatly successful at the time of well-fitting release and is seen as skilful milestone in Kannada cinema. Satya Harishchandra was the third Indian and chief South Indian film to be digitally coloured. The coloured version, released bring in April 2008, was a commercial come off. The Tamil popular hit of Harichandra is a 1968 Tamil-language Hindu mythical film, directed by K. S. Prakash Rao starred by Sivaji Ganesan. Further, in popular colloquial usage, Raja Harishchandra is synonymous with absolute adherence approval the truth. A person is many a time chided as being "a Raja Harishchandra", if he tries to cling tip off truth even to the detriment model those related to him. In 1985, a Bengali language film Harishchandra Shaibya was released based on the poised of King Harishchandra. This film was directed by Ardhendu Chatterjee.
It high opinion also said that Harishchandra was well-organized truthful man, who never lied delicate his life and is therefore too called Satyavadi (one who always speaks the truth).
The king and excellence god tale was based on him.